The Exception Class

The Exception class is the base class for all exceptions in PHP. It contains basic methods for working with exceptions: getting the error message, error code, file and line where the exception occurred, as well as the call stack. When creating an exception, you can pass a message, error code, and previous exception.

Syntax

phpnew Exception(string $message = "", int $code = 0, Throwable $previous = null);

Example

Let's create and handle a simple exception:

php<?php
  try {
    throw new Exception('Something went wrong', 100);
  } catch (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage();
  }
?>

Code execution result:

php'Error: Something went wrong'

Example

Let's use the main methods of the Exception class:

php<?php
  try {
    throw new Exception('Test exception', 123);
  } catch (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Message: ' . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
    echo 'Code: ' . $e->getCode() . "\n";
    echo 'File: ' . $e->getFile() . "\n";
    echo 'Line: ' . $e->getLine() . "\n";
  }
?>

Code execution result (example):

php'Message: Test exception
Code: 123
File: /path/to/file.php
Line: 3'

Example

Let's get the call stack for an exception:

php<?php
  function test() {
    throw new Exception('Stack trace test');
  }
  
  try {
    test();
  } catch (Exception $e) {
    print_r($e->getTrace());
  }
?>

Code execution result (example):

php[
  [
    'file' => '/path/to/file.php',
    'line' => 5,
    'function' => 'test',
    'args' => []
  ]
]

See Also