HTML va CSS da maketlar bo‘yicha amaliyot

Maketlar yaratishda amaliyot o‘tamiz, ularni tarkib bilan to‘ldirib. Keling, masalan, quyidagi maketni yarataylik:

Keling, avval maketning asosiy tuzilishini yaratamiz:

html<div class="wrapper">
  <header>
    ...
  </header>
  <div class="container">
    <aside class="left">
      left
    </aside>
    <main>
      ...
    </main>
    <aside class="right">
      right
    </aside>
  </div>
  <footer>
    site.com
  </footer>
</div>

Keling, endi sarlavha (header) bilan tanishamiz. Ko‘rinib turibdiki, sarlavhada sayt nomi va menyu bo‘ladi. Bunda bu bloklar chap chetdan bir xil masofada joylashgan. Mantiqan bunday holatda ularni umumiy ota-blok bilan birlashtirish maqsadga muvofiq, bu bloklarni butun sifatida harakatlantirish uchun:

html<div class="wrapper">
  <header>
    <div class="block">
      <div class="sitename"></div>
      <nav></nav>
    </div>
  </header>
</div>

Keling, sarlavha bloklarining tarkibini qo‘shamiz:

html<div class="wrapper">
  <header>
    <div class="block">
      <div class="sitename">site.com</div>
      <nav>
        <a href="#">home</a>
        <a href="#" class="active">blog</a>
        <a href="#">photos</a>
        <a href="#">about us</a>
        <a href="#">contacts</a>
      </nav>
    </div>
  </header>
</div>

Keling, endi sarlavha bloklari uchun uslublarni yozamiz. Bunda sarlavha balandligini belgilamaymiz - uning o‘z tarkibi bilan kengayishiga ruxsat beramiz:

cssheader {
  border: 1px solid black;
}
.block {
  margin: 20px 0 50px 220px;
}
.sitename {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font: 20px Arial;
}
nav {
  display: flex;
  width: 600px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}

Konteynerda uch ustun yaratadigan kodni yozamiz. Bunda kontent balandligini belgilamaymiz - uning o‘z tarkibi bilan shakllanishiga ruxsat beramiz:

css.container {
  display: flex;
}
main {
  width: 660px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
.left {
  width: 200px;
  margin-right: 20px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
.right {
  width: 200px;
  margin-left: 20px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}

Keling, endi bizning maketimizning qolgan uslublarini yozamiz va vazifamizning yechimini olamiz:

html<div class="wrapper">
  <header>
    <div class="block">
      <div class="sitename">site.com</div>
      <nav>
        <a href="#">home</a>
        <a href="#" class="active">blog</a>
        <a href="#">photos</a>
        <a href="#">about us</a>
        <a href="#">contacts</a>
      </nav>
    </div>
  </header>
  <div class="container">
    <aside class="left">
      left
    </aside>
    <main>
      <h1>Our blog</h1>
      <p>
        ...
      </p>
      <p>
        ...
      </p>
      <p>
        ...
      </p>
      <p>
        ...
      </p>
      <p>
        ...
      </p>
    </main>
    <aside class="right">
      right
    </aside>
  </div>
  <footer>
    site.com
  </footer>
</div>

css* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.wrapper {
  width: 1100px;
  margin: 30px auto;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
header {
  border: 1px solid black;
}
.container {
  display: flex;
}
main {
  width: 660px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
.left {
  width: 200px;
  margin-right: 20px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
.right {
  width: 200px;
  margin-left: 20px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
footer {
  padding: 30px 0;
  border: 1px solid black;
  text-align: center;
}

.block {
  margin: 20px 0 50px 220px;
}
.sitename {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font: 20px Arial;
}
nav {
  display: flex;
  width: 600px;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
nav a {
  padding: 10px;
  color: blue;
  text-decoration: none;
  font: 15px Arial;
}
nav a:hover, nav a.active {
  color: red;
  text-decoration: underline;
}
main h1 {
  font: 20px "Times New Roman";
}
main p {
  margin: 10px 0;
  text-align: justify;
  font: 15px Arial;
}

Amaliy vazifalar